Browsing by Author "Julius Nteziyaremye"

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    Second-line virologic failure and elevated bilirubin as a potential surrogate marker of ART adherence among people living with HIV in Eastern Uganda
    (Springer Nature, 2026) Simiyu Melap Lynnet; Jacob Stanley Iramiot; Rebecca Nekaka; Patrick Okware; Mary Abwola Olwedo; Joshua Epuitai; Paul Oboth; Herbert Itabangi; Lydia V. N. Ssenyonga; Julius Nteziyaremye; David Okia
    Second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) failure remains a challenge in HIV Programs. We conducted a cross sectional study among people living with HIV on second-line ART in Eastern Uganda to determine the prevalence and associated factors of virological failure and to assess elevated serum bilirubin as a surrogate marker of adherence. The prevalence of virological failure was 7.5%. Elevated bilirubin showed poor sensitivity and specificity for predicting adherence or virological failure. The findings highlight the need for routine viral load monitoring, as bilirubin is not a reliable surrogate marker of treatment adherence or virological failure. Keywords Second-line virological failure, Elevated bilirubin, And adherence